数控车床编程实例
1．根据零件图样要求、毛坯情况，确定工艺方案及加工路线
1）对细长轴类零件，轴心线为工艺基准，用三爪自定心卡盘夹持φ58㎜外圆一头，使工件伸出卡盘175㎜，用顶尖顶持另一头，一次装夹完成粗精加工（注：切断时将顶尖退出）。
2）工步顺序
①粗车外圆。基本采用阶梯切削路线，粗车φ56㎜、SφS50㎜、φ36㎜、M30㎜各外圆段以及锥长为10㎜的圆锥段，留1㎜的余量。
②自右向左精车各外圆面：螺纹段右倒角→切削螺纹段外圆φ30㎜→车锥长10㎜的圆锥→车φ36㎜圆柱段→车φ56㎜圆柱段。
③车5㎜×φ26㎜螺纹退刀槽，倒螺纹段左倒角，车锥长10㎜的圆锥以及车5㎜×φ34㎜的槽。
④车螺纹。
⑤自右向左粗车R15㎜、R25㎜、Sφ50㎜、R15㎜各圆弧面及30°的圆锥面。
⑥自右向左精车R15㎜、R25㎜、Sφ50㎜、R15㎜各圆弧面及30°的圆锥面。
⑦切断。
2．选择机床设备
根据零件图样要求，选用经济型数控车床即可达到要求。故选用CK0630型数控卧式车床。
3．选择刀具
根据加工要求，选用三把刀具，T01为粗加工刀，选90°外圆车刀，T03为切槽刀，刀宽为3㎜，T05为螺纹刀。
同时把三把刀在自动换刀刀架上安装好，且都对好刀，把它们的刀偏值输入相应的刀具参数中。
4．确定切削用量
切削用量的具体数值应根据该机床性能、相关的手册并结合实际经验确定，详见加工程序。
5．确定工件坐标系、对刀点和换刀点
确定以工件左端面与轴心线的交点O为工件原点，建立XOZ工件坐标系。
采用手动试切对刀方法（操作与上面数控车床的对刀方法相同）把点O作为对刀点。换刀点设置在工件坐标系下X70、Z30处。
6．编写程序（该程序用于CK0630车床）
按该机床规定的指令代码和程序段格式，把加工零件的全部工艺过程编写成程序清单。该工件的加工程序如下：
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N0020G90
N0030G92X70Z30
N0040M03S450
N0050M06T01
N0060G00X57Z1
N0070G01X57Z-170F80
N0080G00X58Z1
N0090G00X51Z1
N0100G01X51Z-113F80
N0110G00X52Z1
N0120G91
N0130G81P3
N0140G00X-5Z0
N0150G01X0Z-63F80
N0160G00X0Z63
N0170G80
N0180G81P2
N0190G00X-3Z0
N0200G01X0Z-25F80
N0210G00X0Z25
N0220G80
N0230G90
N0240G00X31Z-25
N0250G01X37Z-35F80
N0260G00X37Z1
N0270G00X23Z-72.5
N0280G00X26Z1
N0290G01X30Z-2F60
N0300G01X30Z-25F60
N0310G01X36Z-35F60
N0320G01X36Z-63F60
N0330G00X56Z-63
N0340G01X56Z-170F60
N0350G28
N0360G29
N0370M06T03
N0380M03S400
N0390G00X31Z-25
N0400G01X26Z-25F40
N0410G00X31Z-23
N0420G01X26Z-23F40
N0430G00X30Z-21
N0440G01X26Z-23F40
N0450G00X36Z-35
N0460G01X26Z-25F40
N0470G00X57Z-113
N0480G01X34.5Z-113F40
N0490G00X57Z-111
N0500G01X34.5Z-111F40
N0510G28
N0520G29
N0530M06T05
N0540G00X30Z2
N0550G91
N0560G33D30I27.8X0.1P3Q0
N0570G01X0Z1.5
N0580G33D30I27.8X0.1P3Q0
N0590G90
N0600G00X38Z-45
N0610G03X32Z-54I60K-54F40
N0620G02X42Z-69I80K-54F40
N0630G03X42Z-99I0K-84F40
N0640G03X36Z-108I64K-108F40
N0650G00X48Z-113
N0660G01X56Z-135.4F60
N0670G00X56Z-113
N0680G00X40Z-113
N0690G01X56Z-135.4F60
N0700G00X50Z-113
N0710G00X36Z-113
N0720G01X56Z-108F60
N0730G00X36Z-45
N0740G00X36Z-45
N0750M03S800
N0760G03X30Z-54I60K-54F40
N0770G03X40Z-69I80K-54F40
N0780G02X40Z-99I0K-84F40
N0790G03X34Z-108I64K-108F40
N0800G01X34Z-113F40
N0810G01X56Z-135.4F40
N0820G28
N0830G29
N0840M06T03
N0850M03S400
N0860G00X57Z-168
N0870G01X0Z-168F40
N0880G28
N0890G29
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详细信息
